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Help! Why is the total lifetime accumulated Social Security benefit more important than the monthly amount?

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AUTHOR: R Quinn on 7/23/2025

It’s been mentioned on HD many times. Rick Connor mentioned it today. I even asked Gemini what was most important, monthly income or total lifetime benefits. Apparently Pipers calculator uses accumulated lifetime benefit as a decision guide.

My monthly pension is most important. I care less what the accumulated amount may be – unless I can become a significant actuarial loss in good health, but it’s financially irrelevant.  The fact my pension and SS are both lifetime benefits is important, but that is not the question

The Gemini answer was lifetime benefits are most important for the following reasons which to me have nothing to do with the question. Doesn’t this answer support the idea that monthly income amount is most important?

Why Total Lifetime Benefits are More Important:

  • Longevity Risk: The biggest fear in retirement is running out of money. Social Security provides a guaranteed, inflation-adjusted income stream for the rest of your life. If you live a long life (which is increasingly common), a higher monthly benefit that lasts for more years will result in a significantly larger total amount collected.
  • Inflation Protection: Social Security benefits receive Cost-of-Living Adjustments (COLAs). A higher starting monthly benefit means your COLAs will be applied to a larger base, leading to even more significant increases in dollar terms over time, further boosting your total lifetime income.
  • Spousal and Survivor Benefits: Your claiming decision can impact the benefits of your spouse and/or survivors. If you are the higher earner, delaying your own benefit can mean a substantially larger survivor benefit for your spouse if you pass away first. This contributes to the household’s total lifetime benefits.
  • Irreversibility (Mostly): While there are some limited circumstances where you can change your claiming decision (like withdrawing an application within 12 months), generally, once you start collecting, that decision largely locks in your benefit amount for life. You can’t easily go back and “undo” claiming early to get a higher future monthly payment.
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mytimetotravel
26 days ago

The more I think about this, the more I think talk about break even and maximum lifetime income is an unnecessary complication. There are three possibilities: a single person, a married couple with one high earner (HE) and one low earner (LE), and a married couple with two HEs. I define LE as someone whose own SS, even at age 70, would be less than 50% of the HE’s SS at FRA – i.e. in the event of a divorce.

I think we agreed that a single person in good health who can afford to defer to 70 should do so, thus getting the maximum monthly payment plus the maximum basis for future COLAs. Otherwise she claims early.

Surely a healthy HE married to an LE should do the same, thus also securing the maximum monthly payment for a survivor. The LE might claim early if the money is wanted for a major expense – converting a house to age-in-place, a round the world cruise, taxes on Roth conversions etc. – or to make waiting for the HE’s claim feasible.

In the case of two HEs, both healthy, I would advocate for both waiting. Otherwise, the early claimant will lose out in the event of a divorce. And please don’t tell me that divorce doesn’t happen to seniors.

stelea99
25 days ago
Reply to  mytimetotravel

As a leading edge baby boomer, born in 1946, my spouse who didn’t have 40 quarters of SS earnings, was able to begin collecting half of my FRA benefit when she turned 66. I filed for benefits (we are the same age) and then suspended my benefit allowing it to continue to grow at 8% per year. Around 2015 or 2016 the rules were changed to prevent this from happening thereafter.

I assume that a LE spouse can still file today at their FRA on, assuming 40 quarters of tax payments, on his/her own record. I don’t know how that effects what they might collect when the HE spouse begins to collect benefits at age 70. Will they be able to switch to the spousal benefit if it is higher?

And, I think that a spouse, without 40 quarters of tax payments, is stuck and cannot collect spousal benefits until the HE spouse begins to collect. The spousal benefit is still limited to 50% of the HE spouse FRA benefit.

Rick Connor
25 days ago
Reply to  stelea99

My understanding is the lower earning (LE) spouse can file on their earnings record at any time after 62, and still switch to a spousal benefit when the higher earner (HE) files. The LE spousal benefit is limited to 50% of the HE spouse’s FRA benefit. However, if the LE files before their FRA, the reduction they receive is permanent, i.e., the future spousal benefit is reduced by the same percentage.

The file and suspend strategy was a pretty good deal for those who adopted it.

Mark Eckman
27 days ago

I believe the issue of maximization of the Social Security benefit can be described as marketing. Combine fear of dying tomorrow, the distrust & dislike of government and those easily influenced see only two options; take it as early as possible and wait till you get the bigger benefit. No analysis, but conditioned greed. Rarely does either answer maximize and without knowing when you will die, the analysis to maximize is pointless.

stelea99
28 days ago

I have often found myself at odds with Mr. Quinn on many topics. On this one, I do not disagree with him. The SS actuaries have set up the system of how much you can collect at what age with a firm grasp of life expectancy statistics. So, from an overall basis, they do not care when you file. And, unlike a casino where counting cards in blackjack can give you an advantage over the house, there is no way for you to “win” (ie, collect more than the average for your age and gender when you file) unless you actually live longer than average. And since no one can know when they will actually die, you must accept a risk no matter when you begin to receive benefits.

If you wait until 70 and die at 75, as far as your personal lifetime total, you would have received more by beginning at age 62. Likewise if you begin at 62 and live to 100 your total will be lower than if you had waited until 70.

So, the lifetime total is like SS breakeven calculations; interesting mathematics, but not actionable.

If you have, like many HD readers, over saved and want to optimize for the chance of living longer than the average, or perhaps do Roth Conversions, you will want to wait until 70. If you are 62, recently laid off and broke, you will file at 62 and take the money now. People between these two extremes must spend time pulling on their hair, looking at their navels, sweating bullets, and perhaps rolling the dice to decide when to collect. I would guess, that none will think about the potential lifetime maximum benefit totals.

Lester Nail
25 days ago
Reply to  stelea99

The most understandable commentary on SSI I’ve read! thanks!

bbbobbins
29 days ago

Isn’t this another example of a thing you can’t really ask AI and depends most on personal perspectives?

AI can crunch numbers for you but it can’t get over the emotional aspects of what is the “best” strategy for an individual. For some it is important to believe they are getting the best overall benefit over a reasonable life expectancy, for others it’s the now that counts.

Across a whole population decisions on defer or not should wash out so you’ll either be a winner or a loser on your strategy. Almost certainly not worth losing too much sleep over unless you are that fine on your cashflow planning.

Norman Retzke
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

What about those who save and invest a portion with the intention of leaving a small legacy?

Winston Smith
26 days ago
Reply to  Norman Retzke

That would be us.

We figured that the kids can inherit our investments and IRAs. And our Condo.

But they cannot inherit our SS or pensions.

mytimetotravel
26 days ago
Reply to  Winston Smith

But the SS and pensions mean you don’t need as much (or anything) from your investments.

Lester Nail
25 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

So taking the money sooner, to invest longer is better??

Norman Retzke
27 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Bingo!

bbbobbins
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

If you don’t look at it how can you possibly know whether you prefer to take X now or X+Y in 3 years? Your approach would simply seem to indicate you always hold out until X+Y is maximised?

That’s fine if you don’t “need” the money and want to think in one dimension. Others want at least to understand the consequences of the “what if I don’t live that long?” and the what if I live longer than average?” questions in order to feel they have made an informed decision.

Your inability to grasp things is not I think a lack of intellectual horsepower but stubbornness. Maybe it makes for a fun online “persona” but it must be absolutely exasperating to anyone who tries to advise you in real life.

Last edited 28 days ago by bbbobbins
bbbobbins
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Yet you’ve never needed it to live on – why did you not defer as long as possible in that case?

The total life expectation is a proxy for am I making the best decision between risk of an early death and risk of a long lifespan? Clearly if you absolutely existentially need the money at age 62 or 65 or whatever then there isn’t a decision to me made.

I ask again how did you make the decision between X at 67 and Y at say 70? Do you never consider what breakeven point would be on any of your financial decisions?

With your numbers at age 67 do you fancy the bet that you’re going to live past 79 and a quarter? Because that’s what you’re really saying by deferring.

Last edited 28 days ago by bbbobbins
Rick Connor
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

“Now 18 years later, the tax-free income generated each month is double the additional 24% I would have on the current inflation adjusted gross SS benefit had I delayed claiming to age 70. That is I added 24% to my current gross benefit which 18 years of COLAs in it.”

I thought your FRA was 66? Wouldn’t the benefit at age 70 be 32% higher (8% per year). Per the IRS the DRC is 2/3 % per month. 48 months x 2/3 = 32%

And the correct comparison would be if you calculated how much you would have accumulated if you waited until age 70, invested the higher benefit in exactly the same way for the 14 years, and then added that tax-free income to the difference in benefits (the 32%).

Comparing the difference in the 2 benefits to the tax-free income alone, without including the accumulated savings in 14 years, is just wrong.

Rick Connor
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Hmmm. You somehow missed my 2nd point. What do you mean “we would not otherwise have”. If you delayed to 70, saved the
larger benefit for 14 years exactly as you saved the FRA benefit, you would have accumulated about 96% as much cash as you have now, PLUS a 32% larger primary benefit payment.

Rick Connor
27 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

It seems to be a special gift of yours.

bbbobbins
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

But that’s entirely the reason why you are posing the question and just don’t get the answers you are getting? It never mattered that much to you because of your privileged position – you never needed to optimise and therefore it doesn’t matter that in view of your longevity you’d have come out ahead by deferring longer (certainly sole – possibly spousal benefit skews the advantage a bit).

Like you say taking earlier and investing it (at higher risk than a guaranteed SS payment) is a valid strategy. This is another thread where you ask what appears to be a genuine question and then reject all responses which do articulate why it might matter to people.

bbbobbins
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

I think you’re taking a one dimensional interpretation of the word “optimise” to mean maximise. While others mean it to mean maximise over the total expected duration. Maybe your strategy did result in lifetime optimisation by the time you took into account spousal benefits -most online calculators would be set up to do that IF you actually took advice/research.

Maybe it was just hidden maths to you that’s why you reject what goes on under the hood.

Scott Dichter
28 days ago
Reply to  bbbobbins

AI doesn’t think, if you ran AI in the late 19th century it would likely have told you about how important phrenology was in predicting intelligence. There’s no reason to assume current AI isn’t making similar types of errors.

Scott Dichter
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

You misunderstand the purpose of aggregate lifetime benefit. It’s an inflation adjusted look at total expected purchasing power. It’s not how much someone would expect to receive as it’s calculated on a present value basis.

So it’s not a measure of what you’d collect rather it’s figuring out which stream of income would be most expensive to purchase. But that you don’t actually pay the difference, you pay by waiting.

You’re making an argument that people shouldn’t think about inflation or longevity risk, which doesn’t make any sense to me unless someone thinks they have so much in assets that they have other ways of dealing with that risk.

mytimetotravel
28 days ago
Reply to  Scott Dichter

I certainly thought about longevity risk, it’s why I waited to age 70. I never bought into the concern about break even, nor do I have any interest in how much I will collect in total over my lifetime. I was solely motivated by getting the largest monthly payment. Very simple.

Scott Dichter
27 days ago
Reply to  mytimetotravel

Never said you weren’t, I said your decision points were more straightforward because there aren’t as many variables. The math says you had 96 different choices and that they were arranged in a linear fashion so very easy t navigate.

Spouses have over 9,000 choices and if you graphed it in 3 dimensions it would look like a bumpy tilted plane.

Maximum lifetime benefit is just meant to help you navigate that bumpy plane, for you it was a straight line, no aide needed.

mytimetotravel
27 days ago
Reply to  Scott Dichter

Not having a spouse I have never looked at the issue, but presumably it is not that difficult to figure out what will result in the largest monthly benefit for the survivor. Adding in concerns about break even and lifetime income simply confuse matters unnecessarily.

bbbobbins
25 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

It’s not complicated. It’s a matter of minutes to model for someone competent with a spreadsheet or pocket calculator.

Some would say income be damned – it’s making your overall portfolio of assets work best at an acceptable level of risk to meet your requirements to the end of your life is the most important goal. WIth possibly a secondary goal of legacy if you comfortably meet the first goal.

SS is just another asset – sure you can’t cash it for cash but it is something where you can make a conscious decision as to how it should work for you. For some say without a formal pension who have plenty of other assets elsewhere they might tactically want to take early to provide baseline income and allow themselves to take bigger risks with the rest of their portfolio. That’s sacrificing income for investment growth – not unlike what you did in not choosing maximum deferral of SS.

Scott Dichter
27 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

This is a contradiction of what you claim of your own approach. You write about how your thinking is not merely this year, next year, but includes concerns about legacy amounts. You used excess SS to purchase more fixed income that provides the same kind of protection as delaying.

You’re doing something similar, but with a different perspective on how to do it, it doesn’t negate the other method.

Also, you never address how the max monthly payment changes over time depending on spousal and survival benefits, which max is most important and is that true universally?

Scott Dichter
27 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

I think you’re unaware that Open SS won’t always say delay benefits, that’s just not how the math would work, it’s dependent on the differences between primary insurance amounts and age differences. I know because it recommends one of us to take benefits at like 62.

And I’m not sure that would be our optimal strategy. Max Benefit calculators don’t consider taxes, pensions, annuities and how they affect things. It’s a tool, not a commandment.

Randy Dobkin
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

How about someone who draws from his investment portfolio (and therefore has no need for Social Security income) until age 70.

Last edited 29 days ago by Randy Dobkin
Ken Cutler
29 days ago

So Dick, should I wait until I’m 70 and my wife is 73 to start our benefits? Certainly that should result in the highest monthly aggregate payout but we will have forfeited many years of her spousal benefit. She cannot collect anything until I start mine.

Ken Cutler
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Monthly aggregate = my SS monthly + wife’s SS monthly, if that was not clear. Point being, the sum total of years of extra spousal benefits would be significant bonus “compensation” for me taking my benefits before age 70.

mytimetotravel
29 days ago

As I’ve posted before, I’m with Dick on this one. I waited until 70 to get the biggest available monthly payment, plus the biggest available basis for future COLAs. I never bothered to look at lifetime maximum or the infamous “break even”. Of course, I’m in pretty good health and I could afford to wait. Not everyone has that luxury, but then lifetime maximum and break even are still irrelevant.

Scott Dichter
29 days ago
Reply to  mytimetotravel

To be fair, the notion of lifetime max benefit is driven by the spousal analysis not individual. That’s when it becomes truly multivariable and you need a graph of results more than a simple number.

mytimetotravel
29 days ago
Reply to  Scott Dichter

The issue should still be largest monthly payment, but for two people.

Scott Dichter
28 days ago
Reply to  mytimetotravel

I assume you would agree that mathematically there’s no difference between thinking about the maximum monthly payment and what it would cost to purchase those payments. (it’s just a different way to express the same idea). For one person it’s fairly straightforward.

When you shift from one person to 2, there are so many different combinations (because survivor and spousal benefits complicate it) of max monthly payment.

But those payments over 2 lifetimes, can still be calculated.

That’s what agg lifetime benefit attempts to measure, which pairing of choices, to an avg life expectancy, provides maximum value. Which is just a different version of maximum monthly payment.

mytimetotravel
28 days ago
Reply to  Scott Dichter

Isn’t it the case that the “cost to purchase” monthly payments is affected by interest rates? Therefore the analysis might be different next year compared to this year, while I know the increase in monthly payments I can expect from waiting will be unchanged.

Scott Dichter
27 days ago
Reply to  mytimetotravel

If we were talking about annuities you’d be 100% correct, but SS locks in the formulas and interest rates.

After taxes it’s really hard to beat the extra 8% plus COLA that SS offers. That’s why it’s almost always better to delay the higher earner.

But it gets dicey with what to do with the 2nd earner, the spousal benefit. It caps at full retirement age so no sense waiting till 70, but early benefits sometimes are better than waiting till full retirement age, it depends on what the spousal impact will be.

But even then, you’d really want to consider when you’ll need the income. If you’re happily living on earnings, delaying even if it’s not total max benefit, can provide better cash flow when you need it.

Of course, knowing that you maximize early, could let some couples retire earlier buying time instead of cash flow.

B Carr
29 days ago

Since the length of a lifetime is unknown and one spends the money month-to-month, isn’t the answer here pretty obvious?

Scott Dichter
29 days ago

I’d say people look at the expected maximum benefit numbers to create an apples to apples comparison of different strategies.

Monthly income is an entirely different notion, that includes other things and other decision points. I wouldn’t contrast the 2 metrics as they tell you different things.

It reads like someone insisting we only need to worry about the speedometer on a car and that the gas gauge isn’t all that important. Different gauges tell you different things.

Scott Dichter
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Or use all your instruments to be the best decision maker?

Scott Dichter
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

It’s not a straightforward bit of math but the agg lifetime benefit isn’t what you think it is.

It’s a calculation of the cost of buying a certain set of benefits so that you can compare different combos on an apples to apples basis.

It adjusts for inflation and the value of money over time as opposed to that’s my number right now (no thinking about longevity or inflation)

You’re doing some similar thinking in taking earlier and setting aside money for the future. If you can see that as a good thing why wouldn’t you see evaluating the value of future higher payments as a good thing?

Mike Xavier
29 days ago

We all have different opinions and Dick is back at stirring the HD pot again! The smart play here is it depends on your why and you better have good reason to support the decision. One that can be defended in a debate. This question cannot be answered correctly in a vacuum.

Michael1
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

It’s just a simple question that should have a simple answer and is not dependent on opinion.”

It seems pretty obvious from this discussion that it is indeed dependent on an opinion. And on individual circumstances and priorities.

Rob Jennings
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Lots of people make the mistake of SS claiming in a vacuum without a financial plan or strategy and even without regard to their spouse.

DAN SMITH
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Has anyone made the decision when to begin their SS benefit based not on the monthly income, but rather the aggregate they may collect the rest of their life? Anyone?

I know many who have employed a misguided and faulty beak even analysis as an excuse (in my opinion) to claim early.

Mark Crothers
30 days ago

I have a question and this seems like a good thread to ask. During the Open Championship at Royal Portrush last week, I got chatting with a couple of U.S. guys over a Guinness. When they discovered I was retired, the conversation shifted to that topic, and they mentioned that the U.S. allows people to claim Social Security early because it saves the government money. Is that true, or was the Guinness talking?

Scott Dichter
29 days ago
Reply to  Mark Crothers

It’s the same to projected life expectancy (obviously life span can greatly change the equation). To actuaries calculating the flow over millions of people, they can be pretty sure that the avg life expectancy will be reasonably accurate.

DAN SMITH
30 days ago
Reply to  Mark Crothers

Mark I believe the actuaries have figured out that it doesn’t matter when a person claims (from age 62 to 70), the cost to the system is the same.

Mark Crothers
29 days ago
Reply to  DAN SMITH

As I suspected.

Dave Melick
30 days ago

Interesting question and a nice set of responses which I enjoyed reading!

I look at it from 2 perspectives: the first is aligned with your comment about spouse and survivor benefits. That is important in our situation as my benefit at age 70 will be approximately $2200 higher than my wife’s benefit (she will take at FRA). I want to make sure she will have no financial concerns if I go before her.

The second perspective I will call “get the revenue when you need it most”. Our pensions more than cover our current expenses and allow us to save some each month. Will our expenses significantly increase in the future? I don’t believe they will, but just in case, having the higher monthly benefits at that time will come in handy. If our SS benefits are not needed to meet our expenses, we’ll save more and leave more to our children and grandchildren.

Dave Melick
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

We did discuss that approach, then got to looking at MAGI for Medicare and decided to play the waiting game on the additional income. My wife’s SS income will put us very close to the MAGI figure that we want to avoid.

David Lancaster
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Or again if they don’t really need the SS benefits how about having the wife claim as soon as she’s eligible and invest the funds 100% in equities to allow to grow until inheritance, while he waits until 70 for that extra security of his maximum monthly (that’s for you Dick) benefit.

DAN SMITH
30 days ago

For me it was about maximum monthly income at age 70, and the survivor benefit for Chris. Right or wrong, longevity and lifetime totals were not important to me.

Norman Retzke
30 days ago

Longevity is a factor. Delay taking SS benefits until age 70 and then leave the planet at age 75. That will reduce the lifetime benefit. There are ample calculators to determine the benefits of a surviving spouse.

The actuarial tables calculate the lifetime benefit the longer one lives the greater the benefit. However, the period life tables calculate the life expectancy at age 70 as 14.09 years. Live beyond age 84 and one goes into overtime.

Last edited 30 days ago by Norman Retzke
Norman Retzke
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

“Why do you care about the lifetime benefit……Delaying to age 70 gets you a higher monthly income and likely a higher spousal benefit.” Yes, and if that spouse lives another 20 years (age 90) that higher benefit will make a cumulative difference. Your argument seems to be “take SS as early as possible and leave money on the table.” This isn’t a one size fits all proposition. While we cannot control how long we will live, we do have some control over how much we will collect in a lifetime. If that were not the case everyone would file at age 62.

Norman Retzke
28 days ago
Reply to  Norman Retzke

I dug into the records. G is healthy and all of the women in her family have lived to age 90 and beyond. It is likely she will, too. What would be her benefit should she live to age 90?

If she began collecting SS at earliest retirement age her lifetime benefit would have been approximately $403,000.

At FRA it would have been $356,928.

At age 70 that benefit would have been $370,800.

If a portion is saved rather than spent, there is a boost in returns. G continues to save a portion of her retirement benefits. The prevailing wisdom is delay SS benefits to age 70, but there are nuances. I didn’t delay to age 70 because I decided to invest a significant portion of my benefit. Of course, there were taxes to pay. My net worth has increased substantially since FRA, nearly doubling. I excluded any real estate and depreciated the RVs, which would skew the data. “All real estate is local” so I prefer to ignore it (think of the Palisades fire or Hawaii). To summarize, it is the net, the area under the curve that matters. This applies to investing also.

When we talk about risk, that too has nuances. Save and invest a portion of one’s SS benefit does entail some risk; there may be no gain, or a loss. However, over a period of 10 years if invested in the S&P it can have a force multiplier effect and that was my experience. I should note that I have had no pension to draw upon. Everyone’s circumstances are different.  

Rob Jennings
30 days ago

I think they are both important as are many other factors in the social security claiming decision and I find it a non-value added activity to spend time on the question of which matters most as the answer is likely to vary by household. As far as SS claiming in general, too many folks seem to make the decision in isolation from the rest of their financial situation and even in isolation from their spouse. And Mike Piper is great and has made wonderful contributions to retirement and personal finance education and advice.

Last edited 30 days ago by Rob Jennings
Rick Connor
30 days ago

If you ask an AI tool a question, and you don’t like the answer, it’s likely a poorly posed question. Trying to determine the “most important” feature of a complex decision, with many variables, is a fool’s errand, in my opinion.

Apparently Pipers calculator uses accumulated lifetime benefit as a decision guide.

Exactly. It’s a piece of data, not the only piece, that can help someone decide. If someone, say the SF example in my earlier post, was to ask you how to decide when to claim her SS, what would you say? As far as I know the financial industry considers present value a valid method of comparing the desirability of options. Do you have a better metric?

bbbobbins
29 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Just to pick up on the PV point – that’s very relevant to retirees who receive a pension but will also need to live off the rest of their retirement portfolio. The PV can be regarded as a bond holding as it is secure meaning a balanced approach could indicate more equity investment in the rest of the portfolio. Then also factor in SS. Hey presto a person might be able to be quite aggressive with equity.

bbbobbins
28 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

How do you compare equity (which has an absolute value at any point in time) with income streams if you don’t do a PV on the income? Or the other way possibly convert the capital value of equity into an imputed income by trying to apply an estimated SWR?

How can you take any risk decision without bothering to do any basic calculations? And no, “Well I never did and look how well I’ve done” is not really an appropriate answer for the class.

bbbobbins
25 days ago
Reply to  R Quinn

Yet you seem still to be thinking about it and trying to justify what you did without clearly explaining your logic or the calculations you made in doing so. And that’s many years after you made your decision. Why did you feel the need to even ask the question in the first place?

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