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My Favorite Room

"That’s going to be fun to have Dana. When we last had a home, I had a space set up in our small garage. A row of kettlebells lived along one side. Pullup bar overhead, with gymnastics rings on it, and assorted other things on the wall. It had a mat in two pieces that would lean against the wall when not used, and be on the floor and connected in less than a minute. Oh and we parked our cars in there as well. Back out the car, put down the mat, boom. Second mat on the other side too when desired. Not that it was my favorite room but I do miss it. "
- Michael1
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I will still take the dividends

"Jack thanks for sharing. It’s interesting too that while you can read stock analysts saying that circumstances have changed and Berkshire should start paying a dividend, many (most?) individual shareholders are strongly against it. They have heard and internalized Warren’s advice."
- Michael1
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What would you do if you received this text from your child as I did this morning? 

"So sorry to hear of these difficulties for your family, Dick, especially your sons and wives. They are blessed to have your emotional and financial support, as well as your physical proximity. Must be comforting for your grandchildren as well. My prayers are with you."
- Linda Grady
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When $2000 Isn’t Worth the Hassle

"When money and principles clash I can get uncomfortably stubborn, and this situation would qualify. Still the sum is not great enough to justify legal pursuit. Trashing the company online could result in them going after you. So at the end of the day, and with a very bad taste in my mouth, I’d walk away. Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr."
- DAN SMITH
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A Wedding Too Far

"Mark, have you considered gifting appreciated stock to your daughter, so she pays tax at her (hopefully) lower rate -- ideally zero tax based on her Married Filing Jointly (or Separately for that matter) status? I did this several years back. My daughter paid $0 in taxes since she was in the 0% MFJ bracket. There is a limit to what you can give in one calendar year, without dipping into your lifetime Unified Credit Amount for Estate & Gift Tax purposes: $19,000 x 2 = $38,000 annual gift exemption amount in 2026 for couples. $20,000 x 2 - $40,000 annual gift exemption in 2027. If you make gifts over both tax years, you could potentially transfer up to $78,000. Hopefully not that much, though, for your wallet's sake. Good luck!"
- ostrichtacossaturn7593
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On Being a “Healthy” Person

"Thanks for this. In my case, my high CAC officially makes me a person with cardiovascular disease, and the reason I described myself as “healthy” is that, thankfully, at 66 I’ve not had any adverse cardiac events or even symptoms, and I do pretty robust cardio 4-5 days a week (heart zones 3-4 most days) with no ill effects. My Lp(a) number alone probably wouldn’t have gotten me approved for Repatha in 24 hours. As you note, Lp(a) is a risk factor, not disease itself. If I could go back 10-15 years, I’d have gotten myself under the care of a cardiologist sooner and probably would have been on a statin years ago, which might have prevented at least some of the calcification. But I felt fine, never had bad “regular” LDL numbers, and didn’t know from Lp(a). So other than being aware of bad family history, I didn’t have enough information as a layperson to be more proactive. So oh, well—onward, as you say!"
- DrLefty
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What to do about the new ID.me login requirement at TreasuryDirect

"My experience creating an ID.me account can be best described as "hinky," glitches that indicated a misstep but then seconds later it worked. I also got several "retry" prompts. Based on a comment on this thread I expected trouble, and an interview process, because my credit is frozen, but nope, I was able to establish the account anyway. Yes, I'll be sticking with "hinky" to describe the process."
- Ted Tompkins
Read more »

The Silent Committee

"It’s great to hear from you, Rick! Thank you for the thoughtful comment!"
- John Goodell
Read more »

The Ultimate Tail Risk

"I think the situation needs addressing, but I think you have prescribed the wrong tool. Congress can regulate AI through ordinary legislation. Legislation is vastly easier to change as technology evolves. Constitutional provisions are intentionally difficult to change. And we have very little idea what "AI" will mean 30, 50 or 100 years from now."
- John Katz
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Free Breakfast

"Just finished my free hotel breakfast. For the first time, there was a tip jar next to the buffet. No need to seek out the worker."
- Marilyn Lavin
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Locking it in

"Thanks Martin. I figure that it's ok to imprecise, so long as the total plan works out."
- greg_j_tomamichel
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My Favorite Room

"That’s going to be fun to have Dana. When we last had a home, I had a space set up in our small garage. A row of kettlebells lived along one side. Pullup bar overhead, with gymnastics rings on it, and assorted other things on the wall. It had a mat in two pieces that would lean against the wall when not used, and be on the floor and connected in less than a minute. Oh and we parked our cars in there as well. Back out the car, put down the mat, boom. Second mat on the other side too when desired. Not that it was my favorite room but I do miss it. "
- Michael1
Read more »

I will still take the dividends

"Jack thanks for sharing. It’s interesting too that while you can read stock analysts saying that circumstances have changed and Berkshire should start paying a dividend, many (most?) individual shareholders are strongly against it. They have heard and internalized Warren’s advice."
- Michael1
Read more »

What would you do if you received this text from your child as I did this morning? 

"So sorry to hear of these difficulties for your family, Dick, especially your sons and wives. They are blessed to have your emotional and financial support, as well as your physical proximity. Must be comforting for your grandchildren as well. My prayers are with you."
- Linda Grady
Read more »

When $2000 Isn’t Worth the Hassle

"When money and principles clash I can get uncomfortably stubborn, and this situation would qualify. Still the sum is not great enough to justify legal pursuit. Trashing the company online could result in them going after you. So at the end of the day, and with a very bad taste in my mouth, I’d walk away. Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr."
- DAN SMITH
Read more »

A Wedding Too Far

"Mark, have you considered gifting appreciated stock to your daughter, so she pays tax at her (hopefully) lower rate -- ideally zero tax based on her Married Filing Jointly (or Separately for that matter) status? I did this several years back. My daughter paid $0 in taxes since she was in the 0% MFJ bracket. There is a limit to what you can give in one calendar year, without dipping into your lifetime Unified Credit Amount for Estate & Gift Tax purposes: $19,000 x 2 = $38,000 annual gift exemption amount in 2026 for couples. $20,000 x 2 - $40,000 annual gift exemption in 2027. If you make gifts over both tax years, you could potentially transfer up to $78,000. Hopefully not that much, though, for your wallet's sake. Good luck!"
- ostrichtacossaturn7593
Read more »

On Being a “Healthy” Person

"Thanks for this. In my case, my high CAC officially makes me a person with cardiovascular disease, and the reason I described myself as “healthy” is that, thankfully, at 66 I’ve not had any adverse cardiac events or even symptoms, and I do pretty robust cardio 4-5 days a week (heart zones 3-4 most days) with no ill effects. My Lp(a) number alone probably wouldn’t have gotten me approved for Repatha in 24 hours. As you note, Lp(a) is a risk factor, not disease itself. If I could go back 10-15 years, I’d have gotten myself under the care of a cardiologist sooner and probably would have been on a statin years ago, which might have prevented at least some of the calcification. But I felt fine, never had bad “regular” LDL numbers, and didn’t know from Lp(a). So other than being aware of bad family history, I didn’t have enough information as a layperson to be more proactive. So oh, well—onward, as you say!"
- DrLefty
Read more »

What to do about the new ID.me login requirement at TreasuryDirect

"My experience creating an ID.me account can be best described as "hinky," glitches that indicated a misstep but then seconds later it worked. I also got several "retry" prompts. Based on a comment on this thread I expected trouble, and an interview process, because my credit is frozen, but nope, I was able to establish the account anyway. Yes, I'll be sticking with "hinky" to describe the process."
- Ted Tompkins
Read more »

The Silent Committee

"It’s great to hear from you, Rick! Thank you for the thoughtful comment!"
- John Goodell
Read more »

The Ultimate Tail Risk

"I think the situation needs addressing, but I think you have prescribed the wrong tool. Congress can regulate AI through ordinary legislation. Legislation is vastly easier to change as technology evolves. Constitutional provisions are intentionally difficult to change. And we have very little idea what "AI" will mean 30, 50 or 100 years from now."
- John Katz
Read more »

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Manifesto

NO. 27: RISK and potential return are inextricably linked. If an investment holds out the prospect of high returns, we should presume it’s highly risky—even if we can’t figure out what the risk is.

Truths

NO. 120: INFLATION is the friend of borrowers, but the enemy of savers. If you have money invested, you need to earn an after-tax return that outpaces the inflation rate—or your money will lose purchasing power. But if you’re a borrower, inflation is good news, because it allows you to repay the money you owe with depreciated dollars.

think

OPPORTUNITY COST. Whenever we make a financial choice, we give up something else, which may be a better use for the money. If we buy one item, we can’t spend the dollars on other items, either now or in the future. When we devote money to one goal, we have less for other goals. When we buy one investment, we’re effectively choosing not to buy other investments.

act

TAP HOME EQUITY to trim other debts. If you have high-interest auto loans or credit card debt, you might set up a home equity line of credit and then use it to pay off these higher-cost debts. That’ll reduce the interest you pay. You won’t, however, save on taxes. Thanks to 2017's tax law, such home-equity borrowing is no longer tax-deductible.

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Manifesto

NO. 27: RISK and potential return are inextricably linked. If an investment holds out the prospect of high returns, we should presume it’s highly risky—even if we can’t figure out what the risk is.

Spotlight: Health

Healthcare spending and premiums during a post age-65 retirement- facts and ideas.

About 5% of the population accounts for nearly half of total health spending, and many of these are older adults with multiple conditions.
Do seniors (65+) pay as much as perceived for health care?
Seniors pay a lot for health care, but it is not that simple. Many, perhaps most, seniors pay no more, even less, out of pocket, than many younger families. 
The bulk of spending by seniors is premiums, not the actual cost of care.

Read more »

Medicare Signup Goes Awry

Some people’s recent experience with the Social Security and Medicare sign-up process has been smooth. Mine for Medicare? Not so much.
I turned 65 in November 2024 and wanted Medicare Part B to start January 1, 2025. Medicare.gov says that if you apply in the month after your birthday, Part B will start the following month. Perfect! I filed for Medicare on the Social Security site on December 2nd and even included a note that I wanted Part B coverage to start January 1.

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Quinn Explores the Question: Are Doctors Overpaid?

Are doctors overpaid?
That’s a tricky question for several reasons. Getting good data is hard and mostly based on surveys, there are variations across the country and among specialists plus few doctors work a 40 hour week. 
If you are a patient and your doctor provides life saving care, I suspect what they earn doesn’t matter, it wouldn’t to me. In any case, chances are you aren’t paying the bill yourself. 
After looking at the data from several sources,

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Health care is always unaffordable – not really

Let’s say you have $50, $100, $200 and $500. 
I’m quite certain from time to time the average American would find spending those amounts affordable – on say a manicure, a round of golf, a tattoo, a couples night on the town or even attending a sporting event. For many people this would be true even if they charged the expense. 
It’s quite natural we receive pleasure from spending money, depending on what it is spent on.

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A major Medicare benefit just vanished

Key Medicare benefits are being stripped away, and patient care is being handed over to profit-driven corporations.

On June 25, 2025, in an unprecedented move, Dr. Mehmet Oz and Robert F. Kennedy Jr., through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), announced that Original Medicare will now require prior authorization for a list of 17 services.
This marks a major shift—and a serious rollback of a key protection retirees have relied on for decades.
What’s Changing?

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Bad Trip

Chris tripped and fell a few Sundays back. Her radius and ulna bones broke and the elbow was beyond repair. We were on a little day trip, to visit the Cleveland Aquarium. 
Come the next day, the anticipated 2-3 hour surgery stretched to 7 hours. Afterwards, the surgeon, allegedly among the finest in the country for this particular procedure, reported good results. However, coming out of the long anesthesia, Chris had difficulty communicating, so was quickly rushed down the hall for an MRI.

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Spotlight: Abramowitz

Foreign Baggage

For the last five or so years, I’ve held a disproportionately large position in the Vanguard World Stock Index ETF (VT). This fund has given me “coverage” of the global markets, including a 40% stake in international stocks. Originally, I congratulated myself on my cleverness. After all, VT is monstrously diversified and dirt cheap and, besides, foreign markets were deemed sorely undervalued by the market cognoscenti. But were they really? As of now, my shrewd little maneuver has left my portfolio performing embarrassingly below the return of the “simpleminded” and home-biased—but inordinately domestic tech/heavy—S&P index funds. I still hear the siren call: foreign stocks—and especially European markets are so-o-o-o precious. The thing about value investing is that you can be too early. Is that all this is, an opportunity as yet unrecognized by the masses? Or is our more capitalist and achievement-oriented society destined to support a premium valuation into the future? Right now, that’s my major investment dilemma.
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Vanguard Small-Cap: What’s in a Name?

In two previous posts (“The Morningstar Experience” and “Your Morningstar Freebee”), we looked at how readers considering investment in a Vanguard fund can consult the helpful information in Morningstar’s esteemed advisory service. We demonstrated how they might consult this resource to monitor their investments and evaluate their performance. Today, we’ll illustrate how to decide whether the holdings of the fund meet the reader’s objective. Once again, the fund examined is Vanguard’s Small-Cap ETF (symbol VB, or VSMAX for the mutual fund alternative).   We begin by searching our target fund—even without the $249 subscription price—and slide over to Portfolio. You can see that the stocks in VB are overwhelmingly domestic, as they should be. I find the map designating Stock Style confusing, so I recommend you drop down to Weight. Here we get a surprise and a big reason to depend on Morningstar. Fully one-third of VB’s holdings are classified as midcap stocks!   What might be going on? Well, Morningstar may set a higher bar for inclusion in the small cap space than VB’s underlying index. And this difference in criterion could exert a significant effect on performance. Readers may recall that VB’s average annual 10-year return was about 1% higher than that of similar funds. Could VB's  portfolio have benefited from the higher long-term performance of midcap stocks?   Quite possibly. The iShares Russell 2000 ETF (IWM), which is curiously more popular than VB despite its higher expenses (.19 vs. .05), is virtually 100% small cap and did not enjoy a midcap edge. Likewise, iShares S&P Mid-Cap ETF advanced yet another percentage point more than VB. You will probably get the superior performance of VB only as long as midcap stocks continue to outperform.   We also see that VB is suitably balanced across the value vs. growth…
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Covid and Money Fever

Covid. Third time and pretty bad. Feels almost over after thirteen days. That Paxlovid’s a miracle medication, but I’m afraid I’ll rebound from it. All very scary for a 79-year-old with an immune system compromised by an anti-cancer drug. Very little fever though, surprising given how out of it and weak I’ve felt. Actually, most of my fever has not been of the temperature kind. It was more about my money or, more accurately, my fear of losing control over my money. Moving patients forward a couple of weeks and letting the funds ride weren’t the problem. Our collection of small properties is, as usual, at the core of my angst. We had two renters in a duplex move out almost simultaneously. Two vacancies at the same time is a rarity for us but, of course, it would happen when I’m on my butt with Covid. Re-renting a unit is always a costly proposition. You have the lost rent, the expenses of primping the place for the new tenant and the property manager’s cut of the first month’s rent. My impulse was to email my portfolio manager (who doesn’t like phone contact) for his re-rental plans, but I stopped myself. For one thing, my wife Alberta has taken over responsibility for overseeing the real estate, so she can get comfortable with it when I pass. Less anxious to delegate than I am, her MO is to trust Brian, the manager. “Steve, stop it already, what are we paying him for if you’re going to get like this every time there’s a problem?” Plus now, she had assumed the task of caring for her ailing husband, all the while maintaining her half-time psychology practice and—an accomplished chef--insisting on preparing three healthy meals a day. In fact, Brian is competent and reliable,…
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Why Risk 40/20/40 When You Can Recreate Your 60/40? by Steve Abramowitz

Do you rebalance your retirement portfolio?  Many studies have shown that you should. The folks at Hartford Funds compared the results of a 70/30 buy-and-hold strategy with annual rebalancing of an $100,000 lump sum investment from 1999 through 2023. The asset manager found that the rebalanced portfolio produced a nest egg over $13,000 greater than simple buy-and-hold. But rebalancing does much more than just improve performance. It encourages you to sell high and then buy low, reestablish your original position, lessen volatility, return to your preferred level of risk tolerance and increase diversification. If rebalancing qualifies as the Holy Grail, then why limit the method to reconfiguring the venerable 60/40 stock/bond allocation? Say you think a certain sector of your stock fund is horribly overvalued. You could reduce the imbalance by selling it (or some of it) and replacing it with a fund having a less lopsided profile. The Case for Rebalancing Now, if you’re a devout Bogelhead, you’ll probably see where I’m going with this post as blasphemous. But at least hear me out. Market observers far better informed than me have expressed concern about the stark overrepresentation of technology stocks in the S&P 500. Writing for the highly-respected Reuters news agency in July, Ankika Bismas noted that the gap in returns between the S&P and its equal-weighted counterpart is at the widest in fifteen years, underscoring the wisdom of diversifying beyond heavyweights like Nvidia. She warns that the one-third weighting in mostly mammoth AI-linked technology companies makes the broad market index vulnerable to a sharp retrenchment. I’d like to propose Vanguard’s Dividend Appreciation Index Fund (VDADX) as a sensible alternative to the technology-glutted Vanguard 500 Index Fund (VFIAX). Nonsense, you cry, its .08 cost is double what you’re paying now. True, but the difference between the 1.7% dividend…
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Makes You Wonder

THOSE OF US WHO GREW up in the 1950s watched Howdy Doody on that large, newfangled box with a picture tube and knobs. The show’s host was Buffalo Bob, who enthusiastically proclaimed Wonder Bread “helps build strong bodies eight ways.” Subsequent nutritional research debunked that claim, and the government induced Continental Baking to add back the healthful ingredients that its processing methods were removing. The new wrapper proclaimed “enriched” Wonder Bread, even though the firm was simply replacing what had been there before. That brings me to investing. Instead of Howdy Doody, many of us now watch CNBC, where talking heads expound on the virtues of picking stocks and making market bets. Does such active involvement help strengthen our portfolios eight ways? Consider these eight dubious contentions from fans of active management: 1. Index funds produce average—and hence unsatisfactory—returns. Remember the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? If your goal is seven figures, start making steady monthly contributions to a broad stock market index fund when you’re young. Live your life, pursue your dreams and don’t mess with your portfolio’s compounding. By the time you reach retirement age, there’s a good chance you’ll have your wish. How’s that for average? 2. Results for most index funds diverge from their underlying indexes. Consider one of the most popular exchange-traded index funds, Vanguard Group’s S&P 500 ETF (symbol: VOO). In 2021’s soaring market, the Vanguard fund’s 28.6% total return was virtually identical to the index’s 28.7%. In last year’s tumultuous down market, the corresponding figures were -18.2% and -18.1%. What divergence are they talking about? 3. The higher cost of active funds is insignificant. We can quickly dispense with this blatant untruth. Research has linked higher expense ratios to lower fund returns, and the longer the time horizon, the greater…
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Opportunity Knocks

YOU’VE SOCKED AWAY some cash, waiting for the chance to snap up a small rental property. Property prices are down. Meanwhile, interest rates are up and many folks can’t qualify for a loan, but you’ve already been preapproved. It’s time to strike. Now comes the hard part. Much literature is available on how to buy and sell residential income units. But there’s much less written on how to manage them. What follows is a primer for first-time landlords. Keep in mind that the best approach will vary based on factors such as region, taxes and local regulations. What’s the minimum annual return you’ll accept? Because of the high price of real estate in California, we often have to settle for a lackluster 4% to 5%. This percentage is the estimated annual net income, or rents minus expenses, divided by the property’s purchase price. You can set the bar higher in the Midwest and South. If even a moderate single-digit return doesn’t seem worth all the time and trouble of owning real estate directly, there’s an alternative. Many funds owning real estate investment trusts trade on the stock market. For instance, you might look at the popular Vanguard Real Estate ETF (symbol: VNQ). Like private ownership of real estate, it offers not just income, but also the opportunity for capital appreciation. You’ll have no hassle and no liability, but you will have the gyrations of the stock market. I know it seems like the easiest way to wade in, but I’d stay away from free-standing single-family homes. In our part of California, you almost surely won’t get a positive cash flow and your estimate of potential capital gains is probably a pipe dream. Instead, I’d start with a duplex. Why? A duplex produces more rent than a comparable rental home and…
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