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Percentage that “age in place”

"My wife and I are in our early sixties. She wants to eventually move to a CRCC, but I would prefer to age in place, but am open to a CRCC. We think we have found a compromise with Willow Valley CRCC near Lancaster, PA. They have a Smart Life program (https://www.smartlifewv.org/) whereby you age in place in your home as long as you can, and when you have ONE or more life disabilities, you get as much in-home care as you need…meal prep, bathing, light housework, semi-skilled nursing, etc. It includes transportation to doctor appointments and stores. You get an assigned “advocate” who takes care of all services needed. It allows the spouse or child to remain as such and not become a caregiver. When you can no longer live in your home, you get immediate access to their skilled nursing home or memory care unit. Willow Valley is one of the top rated CRCCs in the country, and has strong financials. What does this cost: for a couple, it’s about a $100k one-time fee and about $1,500 per month. That monthly charge has historically gone up about 2% per year. For this you get in-home services and when needed, nursing or memory care in their facilities…no additional charges as you consume more services. There’s no elimination period and the logistics of care and coordination is covered. It’s basically long term care insurance…in-home and in-facility. You have to be in relatively good health to join. I understand I may never need a penny of service. On the other hand, my wife and I may need hundreds of thousands of dollars of services, or more! I think we are going to do it in 2027. We do have a child and his family living nearby, but I refuse to have either my wife or him be a caregiver, and I don’t want to do it for my wife. We can afford it. And the peace of mind that end-of-life needs are covered is well worth the cost."
- Joe D'Alessandro
Read more »

The Humbling Side of Aging

WHEN I STARTED writing for HumbleDollar, Jonathan gave me some simple but important advice: “Don’t brag about your financial situation. You want readers to like you.” Perhaps that’s one of the reasons he named his financial site HumbleDollar.

I try to follow this advice not only regarding money, but in other aspects of my life. I know how fleeting things can be—especially when it comes to health. Life can change on a dime. It can humble you.

At age 75, I’ve been fortunate with my health. I have had no major illnesses or pain that slowed me down. I could do pretty much whatever I wanted to do. However, that suddenly changed.

About a month ago, I experienced pain in my right eye, a mild headache, and nausea. I thought it might be the flu until I started seeing double.

I went to my optometrist, who said I should see a neuro-ophthalmologist. Because I have Original Medicare, I was able to see one the next day without waiting for a referral. Both physicians were paid for by Medicare and my supplemental insurance because it was a medical issue.

Without getting too far into the weeds, it was determined that one of the three cranial nerves controlling my eye movements was weakened because of temporary poor blood flow. Folks who have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or who are older face a higher risk of developing Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy.

The good news is that, in most cases, the nerve is not permanently injured and recovery occurs over six to 12 weeks. The double vision can be treated in the short term by patching either eye or attaching a temporary prism to your eyeglasses. The temporary prism is no longer working for me, so I have to use a patch.

It has been four weeks and, no pun intended, it has been a real eye-opener. I can’t drive and must rely on my wife to take me places. I’m beginning to get a taste of what it is like to lose my mobility.

I’m usually the one who does most of the shopping, so this has added more tasks to Rachel’s to-do list. We now use Amazon Prime more often to have items delivered to our house. One of my greatest fears is that I might become a burden.

When we’re out, Rachel wants to hold my hand because she’s afraid I might fall. Although I appreciate the help, it makes me feel older and weaker. I haven’t told any friends or family about my condition. I guess I have too much pride—or shame—to admit that I need help taking care of myself.

Don’t get me wrong, I’m lucky to have someone helping me through this ordeal. I have also learned something about myself.

What surprised me most is how much of my identity was wrapped up in being independent. I spent the first 10 years of my retirement taking care of my parents. I liked being the helper, not the one needing help. I liked driving, shopping, carrying things, fixing problems, and taking care of myself. Losing some of that, even temporarily, has been harder emotionally than physically.

Maybe that’s why setbacks like this humble us. They remind us that none of us is fully self-sufficient, no matter how healthy, capable, or financially secure we may feel. At some point, we all depend on others.

Rachel hasn’t complained once. She simply adjusted. She drives me where I need to go, walks a little closer beside me, and is always there to lend a helping hand. What I first saw as weakness on my part, I’m beginning to see differently. Allowing someone to help you can also be an act of trust and love.

This experience has also made me think about the future. Many of us spend years planning financially for retirement, but we don’t spend nearly as much time preparing emotionally for the possibility that someday we may need help ourselves. That may be one of retirement’s hardest lessons.

I also understand why most elderly people want to age in place. Perhaps like me, they find the emotional challenge of giving up some independence hard to fathom. But I'm beginning to realize that Rachel and I are going to need help in our later years. It comes down to what kind of help we are looking for.

We don’t just need a financial plan for when our health changes; we need a care plan. For Rachel and me, aging in place will mean redefining what help looks like. It might mean:

Modifying our home to prevent falls
Hiring a local driver
Outsourcing daily chores
Using grocery delivery services permanently

Most importantly, it means having difficult conversations now about what we will do if a temporary setback becomes a permanent reality. For instance, how much of our portfolio are we willing to allocate to home-health aides before considering an assisted living facility? What physical benchmarks signal that it’s time to hand over the financial reins to a trusted executor?

We spent our lives living below our means so we could build financial safety nets and not have to depend on anyone. But as it turns out, the most valuable asset we have in retirement isn't our robust portfolio. It’s the person holding our hand when the world goes blurry.

Fortunately, my condition will likely improve with time. I’m grateful for that. But even this temporary detour has given me a deeper appreciation for good health, Medicare, my wife’s support, and the everyday abilities I once took for granted.

Life has a way of humbling all of us eventually. Maybe the best we can do is accept it with a little grace—and remember that someday, almost everyone gets a turn being the one who needs a hand.

  Dennis Friedman retired from Boeing Satellite Systems after a 30-year career in manufacturing. Born in Ohio, Dennis is a California transplant with a bachelor’s degree in history and an MBA. A self-described “humble investor,” he likes reading historical novels and about personal finance. Follow Dennis on X @DMFrie and check out his earlier articles
Read more »

Billionaires, taxes and you

"We can raise taxes without punishing wealth accumulation or attack success. Many of the extremely wealthy pay little to no tax. Many with huge equity portfolios borrow against those and never pay taxes."
- Boomerst3
Read more »

The Financial Stress a Simple Document Could Have Prevented

"great article. In the comments, DrLefy noted he'd found a local fiduciary in Calif. Does anyone know of something like this that is reputable in the Sarasota area? How does one find someone honest, it's such a position of responsibility. "
- 5Flavors
Read more »

Don’t Kick The Can Down The Road

"As a runner, I appreciate the analogy"
- Brian Kowald
Read more »

Money and Me

JONATHAN CLEMENTS’S final book was released this week. Titled Money and Me, it traces the arc of Jonathan’s nearly four-decade career as a personal finance columnist.

Money and Me starts with the story of a man named George Cope, who was a nineteenth century tobacco baron. At the time of his death in 1888, Cope was one of Britain’s richest men. But within just two generations, his fortune was gone. Why? Cope’s daughter was the sole heir to her father’s fortune, but she lived what Jonathan described as a Downton Abbey lifestyle, on an estate in the Cotswolds with five homes and eight children. Before long, the fortune was gone.

This story was of interest to Jonathan because George Cope was his great-great-grandfather. He called it the “big family story” and explains that this hard financial lesson was imprinted on everyone in his family from a young age.

In part because of this family story, Jonathan got interested in personal finance, and, among his peers, was early in focusing on the psychology of money. “I like to think I’m rational in the way I spend my dollars, and I suspect most readers do, too. We are, of course, deluding ourselves,” he wrote.

Early in his career, Jonathan covered mutual funds for Forbes, then The Wall Street Journal. Each week, he'd review a different fund and interview the fund’s manager. From that vantage point, he was early in recognizing a reality about Wall Street: that they’re great marketers but not such great investment managers. After reviewing scores of actively-managed funds, Jonathan came to the conclusion that index funds were a better way to go for most investors.

Since the investing question was “solved,” as he put it, by index funds, Jonathan turned his attention to other domains in personal finance. The relationship between money and happiness was of particular interest. Though he acknowledged that each of us has a happiness “set point” that is largely fixed, he pointed out that our happiness level isn’t entirely fixed. There’s plenty we can do to move the needle.

A chapter titled “15 Ways to Happy” includes a number of practical suggestions. Among them: Jonathan always recommended making plans—especially vacation plans—far in advance. Why? “Often, the best part of a purchase or experience is the anticipation, he explained.And since it doesn’t cost more to book early—indeed, it often costs less—that was his recommendation.

Jonathan leaned heavily on academic research and helped translate its findings for everyday investors. In Money and Me, he explains concepts from psychology including the hedonic treadmill, eudaimonic happiness and many others. Jonathan acknowledged that there’s no magic wand for achieving happiness. On the other hand, he explains why a million-dollar salary isn’t a necessary ingredient for financial contentment.

Jonathan also wrote a lot about spending. On the one hand, owing to his family’s experience, he developed frugal habits early in life, and he was grateful that those habits led to financial independence by age 50. On the other hand, he knew that frugality could be taken too far. In a chapter titled “Don’t Overdo It,” Jonathan offers a menu of ideas to help others who might similarly struggleto loosen the purse strings.

Jonathan had two children and thought a lot about how best to convey money values to them. He knew the risk in helping too much. Money doesn’t necessarily kill all ambition. But it seems to put a big dent in financial ambition, he wrote. For that reason, Jonathan mostly emphasized education rather than direct financial assistance. 

He describes, however, one important way in which his own parents helped him: They always made it clear that they were there for him as a backstop. Though he might have never needed it, simply knowing this support was in the background gave Jonathan the confidence to always invest heavily in the stock market. He describes maintaining an allocation to stocks that was regularly above 80% or even 90%. That kind of aggressive investing ran contrary to the textbook. But recognizing the benefit it had provided during strong markets over the years, Jonathan offered a similar backstop to his own children, thus allowing them to take risks that they might not have otherwise.

In choosing a heavy allocation to stocks, Jonathan explains some of the other factors that went into his thinking. For starters, he points to the role of financial forecasters. They’re often wrong, but that doesn’t stop them from waking up the next day with something new to say. As a result, during both stock market rallies and routs, prognosticators can be found on TV telling stories that often cause investors to overreact. In the chapter “Not Scared of Bears,” Jonathan walks through the math that should give investors the courage to ignore forecasters, to keep their feet on the ground and to stay fully invested regardless of what bad news happens to be in the headlines.

Jonathan was willing to pile on even more risk in his portfolio when markets declined. He acknowledged that this opened him up to the accusation of being a market timer—“pretty much the nastiest insult you can hurl”—but he explains a subtle difference between his approach and true market timing, then offers a helpful strategy for profiting from downturns.

Jonathan Clements was one of a kind. Like all of his readers, I miss his kindness, wit and good cheer. For decades, he helped readers navigate the potholed road known as Wall Street. With his final work, Jonathan leaves us with a timeless guide to thinking about money in uniquely sensible ways.

  Adam M. Grossman is the founder of Mayport, a fixed-fee wealth management firm. Sign up for Adam's Daily Ideas email, follow him on X @AdamMGrossman and check out his earlier articles.
Read more »

Rethinking the “Right” Time for Social Security

"My break-even was calculated at age 78 if I waited until age 67. I planned on waiting until age 70 to apply. However, I truly don’t “need” social security at all…a financial advisor said take it at 62 and spend it on travel. Yes! I never thought of that. And that’s exactly what both my wife and I are doing…taking the benefit at 62 and enjoying world travel when we are still in very good health."
- Joe D'Alessandro
Read more »

Farrell Behavior

"Amen. (I would like to include an exclamation point after my reply but Jonathan wouldn’t approve.)"
- Rich
Read more »

Moving is Expensive!

"We moved twice in 57 years and the vague thought of moving sends chills up my spine."
- R Quinn
Read more »

The World’s Least Useful Financial Adviser

"The only way I know to silence that voice is ignorance. Ignorance is bliss. I can’t tell you how anything has performed over the last 4 months, YTD, 1 year, etc. I just know that over the long term, it goes up and to the right. I’d probably drive myself crazy otherwise. ;)"
- Eric Furches
Read more »

My sister’s will and what it taught me.

"Thank you Jerry. Your experience highlights a lesson many families learn the hard way. When someone dies intestate, even relatively modest assets can become far more complicated and expensive to transfer than anyone expects. It's frustrating when legal fees and delays end up consuming a significant portion of what was intended to be passed on. Thank you for sharing your story, it reinforces why having a valid will is one of the simplest gifts we can leave our families."
- Andrew Clements
Read more »

The Boy Who Tried Hard: A Reflection

"Thank you Rick. I think that's one of the lessons I've learned as well. We rarely know the full story behind someone's journey or the challenges they may have faced along the way. If the article encourages a little more understanding and a little less assumption, then it was worth writing."
- Andrew Clements
Read more »

Percentage that “age in place”

"My wife and I are in our early sixties. She wants to eventually move to a CRCC, but I would prefer to age in place, but am open to a CRCC. We think we have found a compromise with Willow Valley CRCC near Lancaster, PA. They have a Smart Life program (https://www.smartlifewv.org/) whereby you age in place in your home as long as you can, and when you have ONE or more life disabilities, you get as much in-home care as you need…meal prep, bathing, light housework, semi-skilled nursing, etc. It includes transportation to doctor appointments and stores. You get an assigned “advocate” who takes care of all services needed. It allows the spouse or child to remain as such and not become a caregiver. When you can no longer live in your home, you get immediate access to their skilled nursing home or memory care unit. Willow Valley is one of the top rated CRCCs in the country, and has strong financials. What does this cost: for a couple, it’s about a $100k one-time fee and about $1,500 per month. That monthly charge has historically gone up about 2% per year. For this you get in-home services and when needed, nursing or memory care in their facilities…no additional charges as you consume more services. There’s no elimination period and the logistics of care and coordination is covered. It’s basically long term care insurance…in-home and in-facility. You have to be in relatively good health to join. I understand I may never need a penny of service. On the other hand, my wife and I may need hundreds of thousands of dollars of services, or more! I think we are going to do it in 2027. We do have a child and his family living nearby, but I refuse to have either my wife or him be a caregiver, and I don’t want to do it for my wife. We can afford it. And the peace of mind that end-of-life needs are covered is well worth the cost."
- Joe D'Alessandro
Read more »

The Humbling Side of Aging

WHEN I STARTED writing for HumbleDollar, Jonathan gave me some simple but important advice: “Don’t brag about your financial situation. You want readers to like you.” Perhaps that’s one of the reasons he named his financial site HumbleDollar.

I try to follow this advice not only regarding money, but in other aspects of my life. I know how fleeting things can be—especially when it comes to health. Life can change on a dime. It can humble you.

At age 75, I’ve been fortunate with my health. I have had no major illnesses or pain that slowed me down. I could do pretty much whatever I wanted to do. However, that suddenly changed.

About a month ago, I experienced pain in my right eye, a mild headache, and nausea. I thought it might be the flu until I started seeing double.

I went to my optometrist, who said I should see a neuro-ophthalmologist. Because I have Original Medicare, I was able to see one the next day without waiting for a referral. Both physicians were paid for by Medicare and my supplemental insurance because it was a medical issue.

Without getting too far into the weeds, it was determined that one of the three cranial nerves controlling my eye movements was weakened because of temporary poor blood flow. Folks who have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or who are older face a higher risk of developing Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy.

The good news is that, in most cases, the nerve is not permanently injured and recovery occurs over six to 12 weeks. The double vision can be treated in the short term by patching either eye or attaching a temporary prism to your eyeglasses. The temporary prism is no longer working for me, so I have to use a patch.

It has been four weeks and, no pun intended, it has been a real eye-opener. I can’t drive and must rely on my wife to take me places. I’m beginning to get a taste of what it is like to lose my mobility.

I’m usually the one who does most of the shopping, so this has added more tasks to Rachel’s to-do list. We now use Amazon Prime more often to have items delivered to our house. One of my greatest fears is that I might become a burden.

When we’re out, Rachel wants to hold my hand because she’s afraid I might fall. Although I appreciate the help, it makes me feel older and weaker. I haven’t told any friends or family about my condition. I guess I have too much pride—or shame—to admit that I need help taking care of myself.

Don’t get me wrong, I’m lucky to have someone helping me through this ordeal. I have also learned something about myself.

What surprised me most is how much of my identity was wrapped up in being independent. I spent the first 10 years of my retirement taking care of my parents. I liked being the helper, not the one needing help. I liked driving, shopping, carrying things, fixing problems, and taking care of myself. Losing some of that, even temporarily, has been harder emotionally than physically.

Maybe that’s why setbacks like this humble us. They remind us that none of us is fully self-sufficient, no matter how healthy, capable, or financially secure we may feel. At some point, we all depend on others.

Rachel hasn’t complained once. She simply adjusted. She drives me where I need to go, walks a little closer beside me, and is always there to lend a helping hand. What I first saw as weakness on my part, I’m beginning to see differently. Allowing someone to help you can also be an act of trust and love.

This experience has also made me think about the future. Many of us spend years planning financially for retirement, but we don’t spend nearly as much time preparing emotionally for the possibility that someday we may need help ourselves. That may be one of retirement’s hardest lessons.

I also understand why most elderly people want to age in place. Perhaps like me, they find the emotional challenge of giving up some independence hard to fathom. But I'm beginning to realize that Rachel and I are going to need help in our later years. It comes down to what kind of help we are looking for.

We don’t just need a financial plan for when our health changes; we need a care plan. For Rachel and me, aging in place will mean redefining what help looks like. It might mean:

Modifying our home to prevent falls
Hiring a local driver
Outsourcing daily chores
Using grocery delivery services permanently

Most importantly, it means having difficult conversations now about what we will do if a temporary setback becomes a permanent reality. For instance, how much of our portfolio are we willing to allocate to home-health aides before considering an assisted living facility? What physical benchmarks signal that it’s time to hand over the financial reins to a trusted executor?

We spent our lives living below our means so we could build financial safety nets and not have to depend on anyone. But as it turns out, the most valuable asset we have in retirement isn't our robust portfolio. It’s the person holding our hand when the world goes blurry.

Fortunately, my condition will likely improve with time. I’m grateful for that. But even this temporary detour has given me a deeper appreciation for good health, Medicare, my wife’s support, and the everyday abilities I once took for granted.

Life has a way of humbling all of us eventually. Maybe the best we can do is accept it with a little grace—and remember that someday, almost everyone gets a turn being the one who needs a hand.

  Dennis Friedman retired from Boeing Satellite Systems after a 30-year career in manufacturing. Born in Ohio, Dennis is a California transplant with a bachelor’s degree in history and an MBA. A self-described “humble investor,” he likes reading historical novels and about personal finance. Follow Dennis on X @DMFrie and check out his earlier articles
Read more »

Billionaires, taxes and you

"We can raise taxes without punishing wealth accumulation or attack success. Many of the extremely wealthy pay little to no tax. Many with huge equity portfolios borrow against those and never pay taxes."
- Boomerst3
Read more »

The Financial Stress a Simple Document Could Have Prevented

"great article. In the comments, DrLefy noted he'd found a local fiduciary in Calif. Does anyone know of something like this that is reputable in the Sarasota area? How does one find someone honest, it's such a position of responsibility. "
- 5Flavors
Read more »

Don’t Kick The Can Down The Road

"As a runner, I appreciate the analogy"
- Brian Kowald
Read more »

Money and Me

JONATHAN CLEMENTS’S final book was released this week. Titled Money and Me, it traces the arc of Jonathan’s nearly four-decade career as a personal finance columnist.

Money and Me starts with the story of a man named George Cope, who was a nineteenth century tobacco baron. At the time of his death in 1888, Cope was one of Britain’s richest men. But within just two generations, his fortune was gone. Why? Cope’s daughter was the sole heir to her father’s fortune, but she lived what Jonathan described as a Downton Abbey lifestyle, on an estate in the Cotswolds with five homes and eight children. Before long, the fortune was gone.

This story was of interest to Jonathan because George Cope was his great-great-grandfather. He called it the “big family story” and explains that this hard financial lesson was imprinted on everyone in his family from a young age.

In part because of this family story, Jonathan got interested in personal finance, and, among his peers, was early in focusing on the psychology of money. “I like to think I’m rational in the way I spend my dollars, and I suspect most readers do, too. We are, of course, deluding ourselves,” he wrote.

Early in his career, Jonathan covered mutual funds for Forbes, then The Wall Street Journal. Each week, he'd review a different fund and interview the fund’s manager. From that vantage point, he was early in recognizing a reality about Wall Street: that they’re great marketers but not such great investment managers. After reviewing scores of actively-managed funds, Jonathan came to the conclusion that index funds were a better way to go for most investors.

Since the investing question was “solved,” as he put it, by index funds, Jonathan turned his attention to other domains in personal finance. The relationship between money and happiness was of particular interest. Though he acknowledged that each of us has a happiness “set point” that is largely fixed, he pointed out that our happiness level isn’t entirely fixed. There’s plenty we can do to move the needle.

A chapter titled “15 Ways to Happy” includes a number of practical suggestions. Among them: Jonathan always recommended making plans—especially vacation plans—far in advance. Why? “Often, the best part of a purchase or experience is the anticipation, he explained.And since it doesn’t cost more to book early—indeed, it often costs less—that was his recommendation.

Jonathan leaned heavily on academic research and helped translate its findings for everyday investors. In Money and Me, he explains concepts from psychology including the hedonic treadmill, eudaimonic happiness and many others. Jonathan acknowledged that there’s no magic wand for achieving happiness. On the other hand, he explains why a million-dollar salary isn’t a necessary ingredient for financial contentment.

Jonathan also wrote a lot about spending. On the one hand, owing to his family’s experience, he developed frugal habits early in life, and he was grateful that those habits led to financial independence by age 50. On the other hand, he knew that frugality could be taken too far. In a chapter titled “Don’t Overdo It,” Jonathan offers a menu of ideas to help others who might similarly struggleto loosen the purse strings.

Jonathan had two children and thought a lot about how best to convey money values to them. He knew the risk in helping too much. Money doesn’t necessarily kill all ambition. But it seems to put a big dent in financial ambition, he wrote. For that reason, Jonathan mostly emphasized education rather than direct financial assistance. 

He describes, however, one important way in which his own parents helped him: They always made it clear that they were there for him as a backstop. Though he might have never needed it, simply knowing this support was in the background gave Jonathan the confidence to always invest heavily in the stock market. He describes maintaining an allocation to stocks that was regularly above 80% or even 90%. That kind of aggressive investing ran contrary to the textbook. But recognizing the benefit it had provided during strong markets over the years, Jonathan offered a similar backstop to his own children, thus allowing them to take risks that they might not have otherwise.

In choosing a heavy allocation to stocks, Jonathan explains some of the other factors that went into his thinking. For starters, he points to the role of financial forecasters. They’re often wrong, but that doesn’t stop them from waking up the next day with something new to say. As a result, during both stock market rallies and routs, prognosticators can be found on TV telling stories that often cause investors to overreact. In the chapter “Not Scared of Bears,” Jonathan walks through the math that should give investors the courage to ignore forecasters, to keep their feet on the ground and to stay fully invested regardless of what bad news happens to be in the headlines.

Jonathan was willing to pile on even more risk in his portfolio when markets declined. He acknowledged that this opened him up to the accusation of being a market timer—“pretty much the nastiest insult you can hurl”—but he explains a subtle difference between his approach and true market timing, then offers a helpful strategy for profiting from downturns.

Jonathan Clements was one of a kind. Like all of his readers, I miss his kindness, wit and good cheer. For decades, he helped readers navigate the potholed road known as Wall Street. With his final work, Jonathan leaves us with a timeless guide to thinking about money in uniquely sensible ways.

  Adam M. Grossman is the founder of Mayport, a fixed-fee wealth management firm. Sign up for Adam's Daily Ideas email, follow him on X @AdamMGrossman and check out his earlier articles.
Read more »

Rethinking the “Right” Time for Social Security

"My break-even was calculated at age 78 if I waited until age 67. I planned on waiting until age 70 to apply. However, I truly don’t “need” social security at all…a financial advisor said take it at 62 and spend it on travel. Yes! I never thought of that. And that’s exactly what both my wife and I are doing…taking the benefit at 62 and enjoying world travel when we are still in very good health."
- Joe D'Alessandro
Read more »

Farrell Behavior

"Amen. (I would like to include an exclamation point after my reply but Jonathan wouldn’t approve.)"
- Rich
Read more »

Moving is Expensive!

"We moved twice in 57 years and the vague thought of moving sends chills up my spine."
- R Quinn
Read more »

Free Newsletter

Get Educated

Manifesto

NO. 74: WHATEVER the nightmare scenario—recession, inflation, deflation—the answer’s the same: We need stocks to notch long-run gains, with enough bonds and cash to survive the rough spell.

act

BUY A USED CAR. While leasing or buying a new car may be alluring, purchasing a used one is usually the better financial choice. By buying a three-year-old car, you’ll sidestep the steep depreciation that new vehicles suffer, but the car should still have plenty of good miles ahead of it—and you should have ample choice, thanks to all the cars coming off lease.

Truths

NO. 42: IT’S HARD to distinguish skill from luck. Suppose that, after all investment costs, there’s a 45% chance of beating the stock market each year. Over a dozen years, probability suggests that, out of a million investors, 69 “investment geniuses” would beat the market in all 12 years. But were these stock pickers truly skillful—or just very lucky?

humans

NO. 14: WITH EVERY dollar we spend, we’re seeking to tell others how we want to be perceived. The big house says we’re financially successful. The Prius says we’re environmentally aware. The theater subscription lets others know we’re cultured. The irony: Even as we use money to signal our success to others, we can end up damaging our financial future.

How we make money

Manifesto

NO. 74: WHATEVER the nightmare scenario—recession, inflation, deflation—the answer’s the same: We need stocks to notch long-run gains, with enough bonds and cash to survive the rough spell.

Spotlight: Retirement

What workers and retirees say about their quest for a comfortable, desired lifestyle in retirement

The 34th Annual Retirement Confidence Survey (RCS) from the Employee Benefit Research Institute provides interesting insight into many of the topics discussed in the Forum. About 1200 of both workers and retirees were surveyed. 
I’m always a bit suspicious of surveys, but there aren’t other ways to obtain an insight from individuals that I know of. 
It’s a mixed bag. 
Planning can be improved in several areas, Social Security is not well understood, while it remains a significant source of income.

Read more »

The Paradox of Smart Money Decisions

SOME YEARS AGO, the scientist Edward Fredkin identified a quirk of human behavior.
When it comes to making decisions, Fredkin found, we tend to allocate our time inefficiently. Suppose, for example, you’re at the grocery store, looking for something basic like paper towels. In a big supermarket, there might be a dozen or more choices. The result: Because there are so many options, it can be hard to choose among them. In the absence of big differences,

Read more »

IRS 2026 Updates

SECTION 415(D) OF the IRC requires the Secretary of the Treasury (IRS) to annually adjust limitations for cost-of-living increases. So, let’s dive into some of the changes:
 
401(k), 403(b), and Most 457 Plans:

For 2026, the 401(k)/403(b)/457(b) amount you can contribute is increasing from $23,500 to $24,500. If you are in a 24% marginal tax rate, that’s an additional $240 of federal taxes you can defer. If you are over age 50, the catch-up contributions are also increasing by $500,

Read more »

Economic Trends

LAST WEEK THE government released its monthly employment figures for February. The results weren’t great. Payrolls declined, and unemployment ticked up. These numbers square with other downbeat data, including a recent uptick in bankruptcy filings.
Another worry: Oil prices have been rising, a result of the conflict in the Middle East. That’s a concern because it could lead to a reacceleration of inflation. It could also dampen consumer spending because higher gas prices act like a tax on consumers,

Read more »

A new glitch in retirement planning to consider

An article in today’s Wall Street Journal illustrates a problem I never considered.
Many retirees who paid off their mortgage as part of retirement planning are now finding that increases in property taxes and home property insurance are so significant those payments now exceed the former mortgage payment thus putting some retirees in a financial bind. 
It seems applying a standard inflation factor to future costs for those items may not be accurate. 

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2025 Retirement Countdown

It’s January 1, and my retirement countdown app says “5 months and 29 days”! Now that it’s 2025, it really seems close.
I have a bunch of financial tasks of my winter quarter sabbatical/pre-retirement list and have already taken care of the first two:

Increase (double) contributions to my tax-deferred accounts (403B/457). With over-50 catch-up contributions, in 2025, I can contribute $31,000 max to each account, or $62,000 total. Since I’ll only be working for six of the 12 months,

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Spotlight: Abramowitz

Makes You Wonder

THOSE OF US WHO GREW up in the 1950s watched Howdy Doody on that large, newfangled box with a picture tube and knobs. The show’s host was Buffalo Bob, who enthusiastically proclaimed Wonder Bread “helps build strong bodies eight ways.” Subsequent nutritional research debunked that claim, and the government induced Continental Baking to add back the healthful ingredients that its processing methods were removing. The new wrapper proclaimed “enriched” Wonder Bread, even though the firm was simply replacing what had been there before. That brings me to investing. Instead of Howdy Doody, many of us now watch CNBC, where talking heads expound on the virtues of picking stocks and making market bets. Does such active involvement help strengthen our portfolios eight ways? Consider these eight dubious contentions from fans of active management: 1. Index funds produce average—and hence unsatisfactory—returns. Remember the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? If your goal is seven figures, start making steady monthly contributions to a broad stock market index fund when you’re young. Live your life, pursue your dreams and don’t mess with your portfolio’s compounding. By the time you reach retirement age, there’s a good chance you’ll have your wish. How’s that for average? 2. Results for most index funds diverge from their underlying indexes. Consider one of the most popular exchange-traded index funds, Vanguard Group’s S&P 500 ETF (symbol: VOO). In 2021’s soaring market, the Vanguard fund’s 28.6% total return was virtually identical to the index’s 28.7%. In last year’s tumultuous down market, the corresponding figures were -18.2% and -18.1%. What divergence are they talking about? 3. The higher cost of active funds is insignificant. We can quickly dispense with this blatant untruth. Research has linked higher expense ratios to lower fund returns, and the longer the time horizon, the greater…
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Alberta’s Money

I PAY FOR MY OWN partial retirement with a university pension, income from rental properties, income from the remnants of my private psychology practice and, of course, Social Security. I long ago emptied my retirement accounts to pay for our son Ryan’s college education and to help launch his career. What about my wife Alberta? She has income from her fulltime psychology practice, her share of our rental income and Social Security. But unlike me, Alberta is also awash with traditional retirement accounts, where all withdrawals are taxable as ordinary income. She has a Roth in name only because, as we say in Yiddish, it’s “bupkes,” or hardly anything at all. Too many decades ago, we opted to forgo funding Alberta’s Roth in favor of investing in rental real estate. Property owners, like stock investors, have enjoyed a bountiful if bumpy long bull run. But our zeal to redirect excess cash to real estate rather than stocks was overdone. Now, more than three-quarters of our combined wealth sits in relatively illiquid rental properties. After 40 years of uninterrupted appreciation, selling would mean big tax bills—or, at least, it will until my passing means a step-up in basis on the properties and hence relief from the tax burden. Here in California—a community property state—my death will eliminate the entire embedded tax bill on our jointly owned properties and not just half, which is the case in most states. Still, in retrospect, adopting my parents’ investment ideology, that owning real estate is the gold standard for retirement, wasn’t the wisest course of action. I have concerns about Alberta’s income once she decides to stop seeing patients and if she lives well into her senior years. Perhaps greedily and unrealistically, we’re reluctant to cut back our (hardly extravagant) lifestyle at this late stage.…
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Foreign Baggage

For the last five or so years, I’ve held a disproportionately large position in the Vanguard World Stock Index ETF (VT). This fund has given me “coverage” of the global markets, including a 40% stake in international stocks. Originally, I congratulated myself on my cleverness. After all, VT is monstrously diversified and dirt cheap and, besides, foreign markets were deemed sorely undervalued by the market cognoscenti. But were they really? As of now, my shrewd little maneuver has left my portfolio performing embarrassingly below the return of the “simpleminded” and home-biased—but inordinately domestic tech/heavy—S&P index funds. I still hear the siren call: foreign stocks—and especially European markets are so-o-o-o precious. The thing about value investing is that you can be too early. Is that all this is, an opportunity as yet unrecognized by the masses? Or is our more capitalist and achievement-oriented society destined to support a premium valuation into the future? Right now, that’s my major investment dilemma.
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The Homing Pigeons

"ARNIE, YOU JUST HAVE to watch this video," offers the wife. "Jessie is so adorable." "Honey, I’ve been thinking," hubby responds. "I know mortgage rates are high right now, but we really should get a place near the kids." If you can remember I Love Lucy, you’re old enough to have had this sort of conversation. The mortgage is paid off, the Roth has done well and you’ve got the cash for a down payment. The two state pensions will cover the mortgage on the second home. Dividends, the two Social Security checks and the health insurance benefit from your old employer should ensure a comfortable retirement. Why not a place close to the kids and your granddaughter? Kind of a getaway for the two of you. Even get in a little dig at those insufferable Danielsons at the club. And what luck. Real estate prices are down because of the higher interest rates. Home prices will bounce back once we get through this uncertain economy. What’s not to like? Judging by the experience of some forlorn friends, a lot—in fact, a whole lot—could go wrong. Hate to spoil a heartfelt fantasy, but I might be able to save you money and travail. Let’s start where it really stings. The kids have their own life now. Are you sure they want you so close by? You’ll need to feel it out because they won’t say so straight up. But look at it from their perspective. Are grandma and grandpa going to be a blessing or a burden? True, they’d be built-in babysitters on Saturday nights. But the old man has all those prescriptions he keeps needing to fill. She doesn’t always remember her insulin shots. Next, let’s go to the expenses involved, because you’re probably minimizing them. There are all the…
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Vanguard vs. Fidelity: When First Class Is Cheaper than Economy

I was an independent advisor for Charles Schwab but have always entrusted my money to Fidelity. I’ve been spoiled by the elite service, very knowledgeable telephone reps and emphasis on mutual funds.  I see Schwab more as a bunch of swashbuckling stock enthusiasts offering mutual funds merely to have a presence. I’ve snubbed Vanguard despite its reputation as the hands-down low-cost provider because of its notorious service shortcomings—insufficient online tools, limited telephone hours, poorly trained agents and no local branches. I want a comprehensive online platform, 24/7 availability and the option of personally depositing a large check I hesitate to send through the mail. Of course, readers might say that the buy-and-hold investor who makes periodic automatic contributions does not require that much handholding. But is the royal treatment at Fidelity worth missing out on Vanguard’s vaunted cost advantage?  I determined to find out.  I conceived of a portfolio that has proven popular and effective for the long-term, consisting two-thirds of primarily large cap stocks and one-third  bonds. The stock allocation would be split evenly between domestic and international funds. A numbers kind of guy, I set out to compare the expense ratios for the two groups’ three target funds—the S&P 500 or large cap-surrogate index fund, total international index fund and broad bond index fund. I was startled by the results and think you will be, too. Why so surprised? Well, because using comparable funds according to Morningstar, Fidelity emerges as substantially cheaper (.01) than Vanguard (.07). How can the cost of Fidelity’s portfolio be so microscopically low and Vanguard’s so relatively high? One culprit is the relatively large fee (.12) paid by owners of Vanguard’s international fund, when Fidelity imposes no fee at all on its zero-fee international fund’s shareholders. I also substituted Fidelity’s zero-fee large cap fund…
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My Four Favorites

I'M A BELIEVER. SURE, I stray every now and then. But after a late start, I’ve now been a devotee of exchange-traded funds for many years—though some of the ETFs I own would be considered actively managed. In his iconic A Random Walk Down Wall Street, Burton Malkiel strongly advocates long-term passive investing as the strategy of choice for individual investors. But he also confesses to having been “smitten with the gambling urge since birth.” Acknowledging that index fund investing can be “boring,” he takes pity on folks like me with “speculative temperaments,” who may need to indulge those instincts with some small portion of their portfolio. Thus absolved for intermittently falling off the wagon, I thought it might be of interest to readers—and useful for me—to sketch out how I’ve invested the bulk of my taxable account. (I plan to write about our household's retirement accounts in a separate article.) I’m a big believer in diversification, perhaps the only free lunch on Wall Street. By that, I mean I pay careful attention to my portfolio’s stock-bond allocation, mix of U.S. and foreign stocks, balance of growth and value, size of companies owned and even sector tilts. I’m a semi-retiree who needs cash to compensate for his overinvestment in illiquid real estate, while also hoping to increase my net worth for my heirs. Toward those two ends, I’ve put together a moderate growth portfolio. It throws off a healthy 6% yield and is structured to participate in about two-thirds of the stock market’s move, whether those moves are up or down. Yes, I shortchange myself in bull markets. But a stubborn anxiety dictates that my ship be seaworthy during the inevitable storms, or there’s a danger I may bail. So, what’s this longwinded guy own? Because each is so diversified,…
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